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Product Introduction
Alloying elements can be classified into three categories according to their effects on the phase - transformation temperature:
1. Elements that stabilize the α - phase and raise the phase - transformation temperature are called α - stabilizing elements, such as aluminum, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. Among them, aluminum is a major alloying element in titanium alloys. It has a remarkable effect on increasing the room - temperature and high - temperature strength of the alloy and reducing its specific gravity.
2. Elements that stabilize the β - phase and lower the phase - transformation temperature are β - stabilizing elements, which can be further divided into two types: isomorphous and eutectoid. The former includes molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, etc.; the latter includes chromium, manganese, copper, iron, silicon, etc.
3. Elements that have little effect on the phase - transformation temperature are neutral elements, such as zirconium and tin.
1. Elements that stabilize the α - phase and raise the phase - transformation temperature are called α - stabilizing elements, such as aluminum, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. Among them, aluminum is a major alloying element in titanium alloys. It has a remarkable effect on increasing the room - temperature and high - temperature strength of the alloy and reducing its specific gravity.
2. Elements that stabilize the β - phase and lower the phase - transformation temperature are β - stabilizing elements, which can be further divided into two types: isomorphous and eutectoid. The former includes molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, etc.; the latter includes chromium, manganese, copper, iron, silicon, etc.
3. Elements that have little effect on the phase - transformation temperature are neutral elements, such as zirconium and tin.
Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen are the main impurities in titanium alloys. Oxygen and nitrogen have relatively high solubility in the α - phase and have a significant
strengthening effect on titanium alloys, but they reduce the plasticity. Generally, the oxygen and nitrogen contents in titanium are specified to be below 0.15 - 0.2% and 0.04 - 0.05% respectively. The solubility of hydrogen in the α - phase is very small. Excessive hydrogen dissolved in titanium alloys will form hydrides, making the alloy brittle. Usually, the hydrogen content in titanium alloys is controlled below 0.015%. The dissolution of hydrogen in titanium is reversible and can be removed by vacuum annealing.
